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The `!Indexed Database API`! (commonly referred to as `!IndexedDB`!) is a `F33f`_`[JavaScript`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=JavaScript]`_`f `F33f`_`[application programming interface`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Application_programming_interface]`_`f (API) provided by `F33f`_`[web browsers`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Web_browser]`_`f for managing a `F33f`_`[NoSQL`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=NoSQL]`_`f `F33f`_`[database`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Database]`_`f of objects. It is a standard maintained by the `F33f`_`[World Wide Web Consortium`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=World_Wide_Web_Consortium]`_`f (W3C).`:cite-ref-standard-1-3[`F5bf`_`[1`#cite-note-standard-1]`_`f]

As an alternative to the `F33f`_`[Web storage`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Web_storage]`_`f standard, IndexedDB can provide more storage capacity. Web storage has `F33f`_`[fixed limits`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Web_storage]`_`f per `F33f`_`[website`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Website]`_`f, but IndexedDB limits are "usually quite large, if they exist at all".`:cite-ref-5[`F5bf`_`[5`#cite-note-5]`_`f]

`F33f`_`[Use cases`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Use_case]`_`f for IndexedDB include caching `F33f`_`[web application`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Web_application]`_`f data for `F33f`_`[offline`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Offline]`_`f availability.`:cite-ref-6[`F5bf`_`[6`#cite-note-6]`_`f] Some browser modules, such as `F33f`_`[devtools`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Web_development_tools]`_`f or `F33f`_`[extensions`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Browser_extension]`_`f, may also use it for storage.

>>Contents

• `F0af`_`[History`#history]`_`f

• `F0af`_`[Performance`#performance]`_`f

• `F0af`_`[References`#references]`_`f

• `F0af`_`[External links`#external-links]`_`f

-─

>>History

Support for IndexedDB was added to `F33f`_`[Firefox`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Firefox]`_`f version 4,`:cite-ref-7[`F5bf`_`[7`#cite-note-7]`_`f] `F33f`_`[Google Chrome`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Google_Chrome]`_`f version 11,`:cite-ref-8[`F5bf`_`[8`#cite-note-8]`_`f] `F33f`_`[Internet Explorer`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Internet_Explorer]`_`f version 10,`:cite-ref-9[`F5bf`_`[9`#cite-note-9]`_`f] `F33f`_`[Safari`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Safari_(web_browser)]`_`f version 8,`:cite-ref-10[`F5bf`_`[10`#cite-note-10]`_`f] and `F33f`_`[Microsoft Edge`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Microsoft_Edge]`_`f version 12.`:cite-ref-caniuse-indexeddb-11-0[`F5bf`_`[11`#cite-note-caniuse-indexeddb-11]`_`f]

`F33f`_`[Web SQL Database`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Web_SQL_Database]`_`f was a prior API developed by `F33f`_`[Apple`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Apple_Inc.]`_`f.`:cite-ref-12[`F5bf`_`[12`#cite-note-12]`_`f] But Firefox refused to add support for it and argued against it becoming a standard because it would codify the quirks of `F33f`_`[SQLite`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=SQLite]`_`f.`:cite-ref-13[`F5bf`_`[13`#cite-note-13]`_`f]`:cite-ref-14[`F5bf`_`[14`#cite-note-14]`_`f] It was thus `F33f`_`[deprecated`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Deprecation]`_`f in favor of IndexedDB.`:cite-ref-15[`F5bf`_`[15`#cite-note-15]`_`f]

`*IndexedDB 1.0`* became a `F33f`_`[W3C Recommendation`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=World_Wide_Web_Consortium]`_`f on January 8, 2015.`:cite-ref-standard-v1-16-0[`F5bf`_`[16`#cite-note-standard-v1-16]`_`f] `*IndexedDB 2.0`* became a W3C Recommendation on January 30, 2018.`:cite-ref-w3c-blog-indexeddb-2-0-17-0[`F5bf`_`[17`#cite-note-w3c-blog-indexeddb-2-0-17]`_`f]`:cite-ref-standard-v2-3-1[`F5bf`_`[3`#cite-note-standard-v2-3]`_`f] `*IndexedDB 3.0`* was released as a `F33f`_`[First Public Working Draft`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=World_Wide_Web_Consortium]`_`f on 11 March 2021 and remains as a Working Draft as of 3 December 2024.`:cite-ref-18[`F5bf`_`[18`#cite-note-18]`_`f]

>>Performance

Because IndexedDB is running inside of the security sandbox of a browser, all operations have to go through various security layers which decreases the performance of IndexedDB. With IndexedDB 2.0 `:cite-ref-w3c-blog-indexeddb-2-0-17-1[`F5bf`_`[17`#cite-note-w3c-blog-indexeddb-2-0-17]`_`f] the getAll() method was added which allows to improve performance on bulk read operations.

>>References

`:cite-note-standard-1`!1.`! `:citerefweb-applications-working-group2021`aWeb Applications Working Group (2021-03-11). Alabbas, Ali; Bell, Joshua (eds.). "Indexed Database API 3.0". `*W3C`*. W3C First Public Working Draft. Web Applications Working Group. Retrieved 2021-05-15.

`:cite-note-standard-draft-2`!1.`! `:citerefweb-applications-working-group2021`aWeb Applications Working Group (2021-03-11). Alabbas, Ali; Bell, Joshua (eds.). "Indexed Database API 3.0". `*W3C`*. Editor’s Draft. Web Applications Working Group. Retrieved 2021-05-15.

`:cite-note-standard-v2-3`!3.`! `:citerefweb-applications-working-group2018`aWeb Applications Working Group (2018-01-30). Alabbas, Ali; Bell, Joshua (eds.). "Indexed Database API 2.0". `*W3C`*. W3C Recommendation. Web Applications Working Group. Retrieved 2021-05-16.

`:cite-note-standard-2015-4`!2.`! "Indexed Database API". 2015-01-08. Retrieved 2022-04-21.

`:cite-note-5`!5.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-5]`_`f "Working with IndexedDB". Google Inc. Retrieved 19 January 2019.

`:cite-note-6`!6.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-6]`_`f "Using IndexedDB". `*MDN`*. Mozilla. Retrieved 19 January 2019.

`:cite-note-7`!7.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-7]`_`f "IndexedDB - MDC Doc Center". Developer.mozilla.org. Archived from the original on 2012-05-26. Retrieved 2011-02-18.

`:cite-note-8`!8.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-8]`_`f "IndexedDB - Chrome Platform Status". `*IndexedDB - Chrome Platform Status`*. The Chromium Projects. 2012-05-21. Retrieved 2021-05-15.

`:cite-note-9`!9.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-9]`_`f `*IndexedDB`*, MSDN, 2012-03-14, retrieved 2012-05-24

`:cite-note-10`!10.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-10]`_`f "OS X Yosemite v10.10 § App Features". `*Apple Developers`*. Apple. 2017-07-09. Retrieved 2021-05-15.

`:cite-note-caniuse-indexeddb-11`!11.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-caniuse-indexeddb-11-0]`_`f "IndexedDB". `*Can I use..`*. n.d. Retrieved 2021-05-16.

`:cite-note-12`!12.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-12]`_`f `:citerefshankland2010`aShankland, Stephen (2010-03-12). "Consensus emerges for key Web app standard | Deep Tech - CNET News". News.cnet.com. Retrieved 2011-02-18.

`:cite-note-13`!13.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-13]`_`f `:citerefo-callahan2010`aO'Callahan, Robert (2010-06-04). "Well, I'm Back: Not Implementing Features Is Hard". Weblogs.mozillazine.org. Archived from the original on 2020-11-09. Retrieved 2011-02-18.

`:cite-note-14`!14.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-14]`_`f `:citerefranganathan2010`aRanganathan, Arun (2010-06-01). "Beyond HTML5: Database APIs and the Road to IndexedDB – Mozilla Hacks - the Web developer blog". `*Mozilla Hacks – the Web developer blog`*. Retrieved 2021-05-21.

`:cite-note-15`!15.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-15]`_`f "html5 - Why is Web SQL database deprecated?". `*Software Engineering Stack Exchange`*.

`:cite-note-standard-v1-16`!16.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-standard-v1-16-0]`_`f `:citerefweb-applications-working-group2015`aWeb Applications Working Group (2015-01-08). Mehta, Nikunj; Sicking, Jonas; Graff, Eliot; Popescu, Andrei; Orlow, Jeremy; Bell, Joshua (eds.). "Indexed Database API". `*W3C`*. W3C Recommendation. Web Applications Working Group. Retrieved 2021-05-16.

`:cite-note-w3c-blog-indexeddb-2-0-17`!17.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-w3c-blog-indexeddb-2-0-17-0]`_`f `:citerefw3c2018`aW3C (2018-01-30). "Indexed Database API 2.0 is now a W3C Recommendation | W3C News". `*W3C News`*. Retrieved 2021-05-16.`B100`F9d9{{cite web}}`f`b: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

`:cite-note-18`!18.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-18]`_`f "Indexed Database API 3.0 publication history". `*W3C`*. 2024-11-07. Archived from the original on 2024-12-03. Retrieved 2024-12-03.

>>External links

• IndexedDB API on `F33f`_`[MDN Web Docs`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=MDN_Web_Docs]`_`f

• Browser database comparison

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